Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer
Peptic ulcers are painful sores that form on the lining of the stomach, small intestine, or esophagus. They occur when the stomach’s protective mucus layer becomes weakened, allowing acid to damage the tissue. These ulcers can cause significant discomfort and, if left untreated, may lead to serious complications. Here, we’ll discuss the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for peptic ulcers in a way that’s easy to understand.
What Causes Peptic Ulcers?
Peptic ulcers are usually caused by an imbalance between digestive fluids in the stomach and intestines. The two main causes include:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) Infection: H. pylori bacteria are responsible for many peptic ulcers. They damage the stomach’s protective lining, allowing acid to reach sensitive tissues. This infection is often acquired during childhood and may not show symptoms until later in life.
- Long-Term Use of NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen, are common pain relievers. However, long-term use of these medications can damage the stomach lining, leading to ulcers.
Other factors that can increase the risk of developing a peptic ulcer include:
- Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol irritates and erodes the stomach lining, making it more susceptible to ulcers.
- Smoking: Smoking increases acid production in the stomach, which can contribute to ulcer formation.
- Stress and Spicy Foods: While they don’t directly cause ulcers, these factors can aggravate symptoms and delay healing.
- Family History: Genetics can play a role in increasing the risk of ulcers.
Common Symptoms of Peptic Ulcer
The symptoms of a peptic ulcer can vary depending on its location and severity. The most common symptom is abdominal pain, but several other signs may indicate a peptic ulcer.
1. Burning Stomach Pain
The most common symptom of a peptic ulcer is a burning or gnawing pain in the stomach. This pain is usually felt between the navel and breastbone and may become more intense when the stomach is empty, such as between meals or during the night. Eating or taking antacids may temporarily relieve the pain, but it tends to return.
2. Bloating and Belching
People with peptic ulcers often feel bloated, as though their stomach is full of gas. Belching frequently after meals is also a common symptom that can signal an ulcer.
3. Indigestion and Heartburn
Indigestion, heartburn, and acid reflux are common complaints among those with peptic ulcers. The stomach acid can irritate the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest or throat, known as heartburn.
4. Nausea or Vomiting
Some people with peptic ulcers may experience nausea, which can sometimes lead to vomiting. Vomiting may help relieve the pressure in the stomach, but frequent nausea is a sign that medical attention is needed.
5. Loss of Appetite and Weight Loss
Pain or discomfort from a peptic ulcer can make eating unpleasant, leading to a loss of appetite. This can contribute to unintentional weight loss over time.
6. Dark or Bloody Stool
In more severe cases, a peptic ulcer may bleed, leading to dark or tarry stools. This is a sign of internal bleeding and requires immediate medical attention.
When to Seek Medical Help
If you experience symptoms of a peptic ulcer, especially if you have ongoing stomach pain, nausea, or blood in your stool, it’s important to see a doctor. Peptic ulcers can lead to complications, such as internal bleeding, infection, or stomach perforation, which are serious conditions requiring prompt treatment.
Treatment for Peptic Ulcer
The treatment for peptic ulcers focuses on relieving symptoms, promoting healing, and preventing recurrence. Options include:
- Antibiotics: If H. pylori infection is the cause, a doctor may prescribe antibiotics to eliminate the bacteria.
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): These medications reduce stomach acid, helping the ulcer to heal.
- Antacids: Over-the-counter antacids can provide temporary relief from ulcer pain by neutralizing stomach acid.
- Lifestyle Modifications: Reducing alcohol, avoiding NSAIDs, quitting smoking, and managing stress can help prevent future ulcers.
For a personalized treatment plan, it’s best to consult a healthcare provider. Virtual Doctors App offers convenient access to qualified medical doctors, allowing you to seek expert advice from the comfort of your home. Register to book an appointment or download the Virtual Doctors Healthplus App on Google Play to connect with a doctor who can help manage and treat peptic ulcer symptoms effectively.
Peptic ulcers can cause significant discomfort, and the symptoms can disrupt daily life. Recognizing the signs and seeking early treatment is essential to prevent complications. If you’re experiencing symptoms, consider using the Virtual Doctors App to consult a qualified healthcare provider who can guide you in managing and treating peptic ulcers.