Symptoms of Hepatitis B and C
Hepatitis B and C are serious viral infections that affect the liver, and if left untreated, they can lead to long-term health complications. Both viruses spread through contact with infected body fluids, and millions of people worldwide are affected. Understanding the symptoms, causes, and treatment of these infections is crucial for early detection and prevention.
Causes of Hepatitis B and C
Both Hepatitis B and C are caused by different viruses, but they share similar modes of transmission. Here’s how each virus spreads:
- Hepatitis B: The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is primarily spread through contact with infected blood, semen, or other body fluids. This can happen through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, or from mother to baby during childbirth. In some cases, it can be transmitted through unsterilized medical equipment or through shared personal items like razors or toothbrushes.
- Hepatitis C: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) spreads mainly through direct contact with infected blood. This typically occurs through sharing needles or exposure to unsterilized medical equipment. Sexual transmission of Hepatitis C is less common but still possible, especially among people with multiple sexual partners. Like Hepatitis B, it can also be transmitted from mother to child during childbirth.
Symptoms of Hepatitis B and C
Hepatitis B and C infections can range from mild to severe, and in many cases, people may not show symptoms until the liver has been significantly damaged. This is why both are often referred to as “silent infections.” Below are the symptoms of both types of hepatitis.
Symptoms of Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B has two forms: acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term). Acute Hepatitis B symptoms often appear 1 to 4 months after exposure to the virus. However, some people, especially children, may not show any symptoms.
Common symptoms of acute Hepatitis B include:
- Fever: A mild or moderate fever may develop.
- Fatigue: Constant tiredness and lack of energy.
- Nausea and Vomiting: Stomach upset and frequent vomiting.
- Jaundice: A yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver damage.
- Dark Urine: Urine may become darker than usual.
- Abdominal Pain: Discomfort or pain on the right side of the abdomen, where the liver is located.
- Loss of Appetite: A decrease in appetite or aversion to food.
- Joint Pain: Pain in the muscles and joints may occur in some cases.
Chronic Hepatitis B, if untreated, can lead to long-term liver problems such as cirrhosis (scarring of the liver), liver failure, or liver cancer.
Symptoms of Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C also has an acute and chronic form, with acute symptoms appearing within 2 to 12 weeks after exposure. However, most people with Hepatitis C do not show any symptoms during the acute stage.
If symptoms do occur, they include:
- Fatigue: Constant tiredness that doesn’t seem to improve with rest.
- Fever: Mild fever may be present.
- Nausea: Feeling sick to the stomach or vomiting.
- Loss of Appetite: You may feel less interested in eating.
- Jaundice: Yellowing of the skin and eyes due to liver inflammation.
- Dark Urine: Similar to Hepatitis B, the urine may appear darker.
- Abdominal Pain: Pain in the upper right part of the abdomen.
Chronic Hepatitis C can remain asymptomatic for many years, but over time, it can cause liver damage, cirrhosis, and increase the risk of liver cancer. Since the symptoms are often subtle or absent, it is crucial to get tested if you believe you’ve been exposed.
When to Seek Medical Help
Both Hepatitis B and C can lead to severe liver complications if not treated in time. If you suspect you might have been exposed to these viruses or are experiencing any of the symptoms listed above, it’s essential to consult a doctor. Early detection can prevent liver damage and improve the chances of managing the disease effectively.
For professional medical help, you can book an appointment with qualified medical doctors on the Virtual Doctors App. The app provides easy access to healthcare professionals from the comfort of your home. You can also download the Virtual Doctors Healthplus App on Google Play to schedule appointments, get advice, and receive treatment for hepatitis and other health concerns.
Early recognition of symptoms and prompt medical consultation are vital in managing Hepatitis B and C infections effectively. Regular screening and preventive measures can also help reduce the risk of infection.